L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. L-carnitine is a nutrient and dietary supplement. Wolfe, L. A., He, M., Vockley, J., Payne, N., Rhead, W., Hoppel, C., Spector, E., Gernert, K., and Gibson, K. M. Novel ETF dehydrogenase mutations in a patient with mild glutaric aciduria type II and complex II-III deficiency in liver and muscle. Lancet 1989;2:469-73. View abstract. Scand.J Gastroenterol. 2017;96(39):e8117 View abstract. Propionyl-L-carnitine improves exercise performance and functional status in patients with claudication. View abstract. View abstract. 2007;31(11):1414-1419. View abstract. Wilderness.Environ.Med. Fagher, B., Thysell, H., Nilsson-Ehle, P., Monti, M., Olsson, L., Eriksson, M., Lindstedt, S., and Lindholm, T. The effect of D,L-carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism, neuropathy, cardiac and hepatic function in hemodialysis patients. View abstract. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup.Physiol 1987;56(4):457-460. J Infect Dis 1997;176:406-13. View abstract. Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Other possible side effects may include: Headaches and dizziness Insomnia Fatigue Skin itching or rashes Irritability or agitation The safety of use of CoQ10 during pregnancy and breast-feeding hasn't been established. A., Yamamah, G. A. E., El-Baky, A. M. N. E. A., El-Kassas, G. M., and Elhalim, A. View abstract. Sugino, T., Aoyagi, S., Shirai, T., Kajimoto, Y., and Kajimoto, O. View abstract. Br J Cancer 2002;86:1854-7. Clin Drug Investig. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them: Applies to levocarnitine: injectable solution, oral capsule, oral solution, oral tablet. 2010;16(5):420-422. 2009;19(1):Pe11-Pe15. Malvagia, S., Papi, L., Morrone, A., Donati, M. A., Ciani, F., Pasquini, E., la, Marca G., Scholte, H. R., Genuardi, M., and Zammarchi, E. Fatal malonyl CoA decarboxylase deficiency due to maternal uniparental isodisomy of the telomeric end of chromosome 16. Spasov, A. (Tokyo) 2001;47(6):378-384. Some dosage forms listed on this page may not apply to the brand name L-Carnitine. 2006;12(5):261-262. Zelnik N, Fridkis I, Gruener N. Reduced carnitine and antiepileptic drugs: cause relationship or co-existence? Nourshahi, M., Kaviani, M., Kimiagar, M., and Ebrahim, K. H. The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic threshold and lactate accumulation during an incremental exercise. View abstract. Clinico- experimental, prospective, sequential study]. But athletes use acetyl-l-carnitine as a handy supplement to improve focus, mental energy, and even sleep. L-carnitine is the standard biologically active form of carnitine, which is found in your body, foods and most supplements. Fenkci, S. M., Fenkci, V., Oztekin, O., Rota, S., and Karagenc, N. Serum total L-carnitine levels in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. View abstract. Lenzi, A., Lombardo, F., Sgro, P., Salacone, P., Caponecchia, L., Dondero, F., and Gandini, L. Use of carnitine therapy in selected cases of male factor infertility: a double-blind crossover trial. Marthaler NP, Visarius T, Kupfer A, Lauterburg BH. Martinez E, Domingo P, Roca-Cusachs A. Potentiation of acenocoumarol action by L-carnitine. Roy, M. J., Dionne, S., Marx, G., Qureshi, I., Sarma, D., Levy, E., and Seidman, E. G. In vitro studies on the inhibition of colon cancer by butyrate and carnitine. Nuesch R, Rossetto M, Martina B. Copyright 1996-2023 Cerner Multum, Inc. Zanardi, R. and Smeraldi, E. A double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial of acetyl-L-carnitine vs. amisulpride in the treatment of dysthymia. View abstract. Randomized controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine versus l-carnitine among women with clomiphene-citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Head, E., Nukala, V. N., Fenoglio, K. A., Muggenburg, B. Dementia 1991;2(6):333-337. Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. View abstract. View abstract. J Vasc.Surg. I noticed very sensitive teeth and gums for awhile, but seems to have . 2010;106(4):296-301. 2008;(2):CD003917. 2009;47(9):748-753. View abstract. Nephron Clin.Pract. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021;1-5. Learn how to separate fact from fiction in the world of weight loss. Ismail AM, Hamed AH, Saso S, Thabet HH. View abstract. Mercadal, L., Coudert, M., Vassault, A., Pieroni, L., Debure, A., Ouziala, M., Depreneuf, H., Fumeron, C., Servais, A., Bassilios, N., Becart, J., Assogba, U., Allouache, M., Bouali, B., Luong, N., Dousseaux, M. P., Tezenas-du, Montcel S., and Deray, G. L-carnitine treatment in incident hemodialysis patients: the multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled CARNIDIAL trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021;46:54-59. View abstract. Editorial comment on: Antioxidant treatment associated with sildenafil reduces monocyte activation and markers of endothelial damage in patients with diabetic erectile dysfunction: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Acta Europ Fertil 1992;23:221-4. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;26:380-7. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. A placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial of the use of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine treatment in men with asthenozoospermia. Creatine supplements may help improve strength and muscle mass in women. Controlled study on L-carnitine therapeutic efficacy in post-infarction. View abstract. View abstract. Miwa, S. and Takikawa, O. Biochem Pharmacol 2003;65:1483-8.. View abstract. Huang, Y., Huang, L. C., and Zhan, F. Clinical analysis of therapeutic effect of levocarnitine on dialysis patients. Call your doctor at once if you have: a seizure (convulsions). Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis. View abstract. Clinical Trials Journal 1986;23(4):242-248. J Pediatr 1995;126:287-92. Hatamkhani S, Khalili H, Karimzadeh I, Dashti-Khavidaki S, Abdollahi A, Jafari S. Carnitine for prevention of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: a randomized, clinical trial. 1996;18(1):91-96. J Inherit.Metab Dis. Faria, C. C., Mota, J. F., Paula Ravagnani, F. C., and Burini, R. C. [The supplementation of L-carnitine does not promote alterations in the resting metabolic rate and in the use of energetic substrates in physically active individuals]. View abstract. L-carnitine may help increase mitochondrial function, which plays a key role in disease and healthy aging (19, 20, 21). 2010;105(6):1338-1345. Helms, R. A., Mauer, E. C., Hay, W. W., Jr., Christensen, M. L., and Storm, M. C. Effect of intravenous L-carnitine on growth parameters and fat metabolism during parenteral nutrition in neonates. Maestri, A., De Pasquale, Ceratti A., Cundari, S., Zanna, C., Cortesi, E., and Crino, L. A pilot study on the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine in paclitaxel- and cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Drugs Exper Clin Res 1983;9:925-934. 2009;37(4):622-631. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Giordano, M., Pennisi, G., Bella, R., Rampello, L., Malaguarnera, M., Li, Volti G., and Galvano, F. Oral acetyl-L-carnitine therapy reduces fatigue in overt hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. View abstract. View abstract. Tarantini, G., Scrutinio, D., Bruzzi, P., Boni, L., Rizzon, P., and Iliceto, S. Metabolic treatment with L-carnitine in acute anterior ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Socha, P., Horvath, A., Vajro, P., Dziechciarz, P., Dhawan, A., and Szajewska, H. Pharmacological interventions for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults and in children: a systematic review. To determine the dose and tolerability we conducted a phase II study with increasing doses of L-carnitine supplementation. Molfino, A., Cascino, A., Conte, C., Ramaccini, C., Rossi, Fanelli F., and Laviano, A. Caloric restriction and L-carnitine administration improves insulin sensitivity in patients with impaired glucose metabolism. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in patients receiving hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. View abstract. Be sure to have your blood checked regularly. View abstract. Lango, R., Smolenski, R. T., Rogowski, J., Siebert, J., Wujtewicz, M., Slominska, E. M., Lysiak-Szydlowska, W., and Yacoub, M. H. Propionyl-L-carnitine improves hemodynamics and metabolic markers of cardiac perfusion during coronary surgery in diabetic patients. De Pasquale, B., Righetti, G., and Menotti, A. J Nutr.Biochem. View abstract. Acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on the hemodynamics, exercise capacity, and hormones in patients with congestive heart failure. It can cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, weakness, and chest pain (angina). 2009;10(2):103-110. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2006;29(5):631-636. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Jun 15;6:CD011265. Donnelly, C. T., Hameed, A. View abstract. Sawicka AK, Hartmane D, Lipinska P, Wojtowicz E, Lysiak-Szydlowska W, Olek RA. World J Gastroenterol. 2001;37(5):1018-1028. Depression, forgetfulness, "brain fog", and dark circles under the eyes are other common symptoms of AFS. Insomnia; Energy drinks can cause insomnia, especially when it . 2011;(12):CD006282. Ren Fail. Biol.Neonate 1987;51(4):185-193. Benvenga S, Ruggeri RM, Russo A, et al. Yarizadh H, Shab-Bidar S, Zamani B, Vanani AN, Baharlooi H, Djafarian K. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019;29(11):1151-67. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.07.012. Z., and McIntyre, R. S. Acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid: possible neurotherapeutic agents for mood disorders? However, L-carnitine supplements may raise your blood levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) over time. Neurochem.Res. 2006;115(1-2):91-96. Am.J Hypertens. 244 Jackson Street. Perez-Oliva, J. F., Guillen, Y., Gutierrez, F., and Parodis, Y. Wall, B. T., Stephens, F. B., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., Marimuthu, K., Macdonald, I. Eroglu, H., Senel, O., and Guzel, N. A. Shojaei, M., Djalali, M., Khatami, M., Siassi, F., and Eshraghian, M. Effects of carnitine and coenzyme Q10 on lipid profile and serum levels of lipoprotein(a) in maintenance hemodialysis patients on statin therapy. Effect of L-carnitine on the limitation of infarct size in one-month postmyocardial infarction cases. View abstract. Pediatr.Hematol.Oncol. Derosa, G., Maffioli, P., Ferrari, I., D'Angelo, A., Fogari, E., Palumbo, I., Randazzo, S., and Cicero, A. F. Comparison between orlistat plus l-carnitine and orlistat alone on inflammation parameters in obese diabetic patients. 2001;23 Suppl 1:S85-S89. View abstract. 1992;141(11):379-384. 2006;12(6):704-714. Prohaska ES, Muzyk AJ, Rivelli SK. Lisinopril (lisinipril) can cause nausea, headaches, anxiety, insomnia, drowsiness, nasal congestion and sexual dysfunction. [Ref], There have been reports from clinical trials of significant increases in platelet aggregation associated with high doses of levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) (3 g/day) given to hemodialysis patients. Bohles H, Noppeney T, Akcetin Z, and et al. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. View abstract. 2008;46(2):181-190. Lee, M. S., Lee, H. J., Lee, H. S., and Kim, Y. L-carnitine stimulates lipolysis via induction of the lipolytic gene expression and suppression of the adipogenic gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Propionyl-L-carnitine: Studies have shown that propionyl-L-carnitine combined with Viagra might improve erectile function better than sildenafil alone. Pastoris, O., Dossena, M., Foppa, P., Catapano, M., Arbustini, E., Bellini, O., Dal Bello, B., Minzioni, G., Ceriana, P., and Barzaghi, N. Effect of L-carnitine on myocardial metabolism: results of a balanced, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in patients undergoing open heart surgery. Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of painful peripheral neuropathies in HIV+ patients. Vitali, G., Parente, R., and Melotti, C. Carnitine supplementation in human idiopathic asthenospermia: clinical results. 2010;30(17):1460-1463. View abstract. Benton, D. and Donohoe, R. T. The influence on cognition of the interactions between lecithin, carnitine and carbohydrate. Isidori, A. M., Pozza, C., Gianfrilli, D., and Isidori, A. Clin Genet. View abstract. 2006;17(2):73-88. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1995;65:211-4. Laker MF, Green C, Bhuiyan AK, Shuster S. Isotretinoin and serum lipids: studies on fatty acid, apolipoprotein and intermediary metabolism. View abstract. Huang, W. W., Wang, M. Y., Shi, H. M., Peng, Y., Peng, C. S., Zhang, M., Li, Y., Lu, J., and Li, X. View abstract. Interaction with zidovudine. J.Mazandaran Univ.Med.Sci. The effect of preoperative L-carnitine supplementation on myocardial metabolism during aorto-coronary-bypass surgery. Brevetti, G., Attisano, T., Perna, S., Rossini, A., Policicchio, A., and Corsi, M. Effect of L-carnitine on the reactive hyperemia in patients affected by peripheral vascular disease: a double-blind, crossover study. Effects of L-carnitine on leukocyte function and viability in hemodialysis patients: A double-blind randomized trial. [A systematic review of the effectiveness of alternative weight-loss products' ingredients]. Indian J Exp.Biol. Clin Ter. View abstract. View abstract. Pola P, Savi M, Grilli M, and et al. Acta Cardiol. 2011;93(4):799-808. Does carnitine cause insomnia? Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals Inc, Gaithersburg, MD. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. This makes L-carnitine a conditionally essential nutrient (6). Kor J Nephrol 1992;11:260-269. Acta Anaesthesiol.Scand. Muniyappa, R. Oral carnitine therapy and insulin resistance. Ganio, M. S., Klau, J. F., Lee, E. C., Yeargin, S. W., McDermott, B. P., Buyckx, M., Maresh, C. M., and Armstrong, L. E. Effect of various carbohydrate-electrolyte fluids on cycling performance and maximal voluntary contraction. Oncologist. Multicenter clinical placebo-controlled study with acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of mildly demented elderly patients. Supplements may also benefit those with lower levels, such as older adults, vegans and vegetarians. Chen N, Yang M, Zhou M, Xiao J, Guo J, He L. L-carnitine for cognitive enhancement in people without cognitive impairment. View abstract. View abstract. Additionally, the risk of deficiency is higher for those with diseases like cirrhosis and kidney disease. View abstract. 1989;26(2):111-129. A randomised, controlled clinical trial evaluating changes in therapeutic efficacy and oxidative parameters after treatment with propionyl L-carnitine in patients with peripheral arterial disease requiring haemodialysis. Spiekerkoetter, U., Bastin, J., Gillingham, M., Morris, A., Wijburg, F., and Wilcken, B. Effect of acute administration of L-acetyl carnitine on cerebral blood flow in patients with chronic cerebral infarct. 2019;14(6):504-514. View abstract. View abstract. Mioli V, Tarchini R, Boggi R, and et al. Dig.Dis Sci 2006;51(3):488-494. View abstract. Yet, there are a few known side effects that include agitation, insomnia and nausea. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020;25(2):124-32. Biomed Pharmacother. However, there were some mild side effects, including nausea and stomach discomfort (24, 58). J Cardiopulm.Rehabil.Prev. Drugs R D 2002;3:223-31. de Lira-Garcia, C., Souto-Gallardo, M., Bacardi-Gascon, M., and Jimenez-Cruz, A. Raskind JY, El-Chaar GM. J Int.Soc.Sports Nutr. Clin Drug Investig 2008;28(8):495-500. Lund, A. M., Joensen, F., Hougaard, D. M., Jensen, L. K., Christensen, E., Christensen, M., Norgaard-Petersen, B., Schwartz, M., and Skovby, F. Carnitine transporter and holocarboxylase synthetase deficiencies in The Faroe Islands. Lancet 2 (1980): 763-4, 5. 2010;14(4):498-504. B., Das, A. M., DeKlerk, J. Chan, A., Remington, R., Kotyla, E., Lepore, A., Zemianek, J., and Shea, T. B. Sunamori M, Nakagawa T, Fujisawa S, and et al. View abstract. Med.Sci Monit. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Postiglione A, Soricelli A, Cicerano U, et al. Suzuki, Y., Narita, M., and Yamazaki, N. Effects of L-carnitine on arrhythmias during hemodialysis. A., Flory, J., Rowan, C. G., and Brunelli, S. M. Effects of L-carnitine on dialysis-related hypotension and muscle cramps: a meta-analysis. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Sotobatake I, Noda S, Hayashi H, and et al. It is usually taken in doses from 1000 to 2000 milligrams per day . Urology 2004;63:641-6. Int J Clin Pharmacol.Ther Toxicol. Am.J Kidney Dis 1999;34(4):678-687. Can carnitine cause insomnia? Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on quality of life in intermittent claudication. A single-center prospective pilot study. Med.Sci Monit. Jun DW, Kim BI, Cho YK, Kim HJ, Kwon YO, Park SY, Han SY, Baek YH, Jung YJ, Kim HY, Kim W, Heo J, Woo HY, Hwang SG, Rim KS, Choi JY, Bae SH, Lee YS, Lim YS,Cheong JY, Cho SW, Lee BS, Kim SH, Sohn JH, Kim TY, Paik YH, Kim JK, Lee KS. Gibault, J. P., Frey, A., Guiraud, M., Schirardin, H., Bouletreau, P., and Bach, A. C. Effects of L-carnitine infusion on intralipid clearance and utilization. Effect de la L-carnitine chez les patients en hemodialyse chronique traite e par erythropoietine recombinante [abstract]. 2007;52(6):1768-1774. Brevetti G, Chiariello M, Ferulano G, et al. View abstract. Dealberto, M. J. Valproate-induced hyperammonaemic encephalopathy: review of 14 cases in the psychiatric setting. View abstract. A. Melegh B, Kerner J, Sandor A, et al. L-Carnosine Dosage. Jacoba KG, Abarquez RF, Topacio GO, and et al. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. 2012;13(2):285-293. View abstract. Carnosine is found throughout your body. Alternative medical interventions used in the treatment and management of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia. Cell Biochem.Funct. Levocarnitine administration in elderly subjects with rapid muscle fatigue: effect on body composition, lipid profile and fatigue. Agarwal A, Sengupta P, Durairajanayagam D. Role of L-carnitine in female infertility. Fagher, B., Cederblad, G., Eriksson, M., Monti, M., Moritz, U., Nilsson-Ehle, P., and Thysell, H. L-carnitine and haemodialysis: double blind study on muscle function and metabolism and peripheral nerve function. Jpn Heart J 1995;36(3):319-331. Oral administration of l-carnitine improves the clinical outcome of fertility in patients with IVF treatment. View abstract. Karalis DT, Karalis T, Karalis S, Kleisiari AS. Pucciarelli, G., Mastursi, M., Latte, S., Sacra, C., Setaro, A., Lizzadro, A., and Nolfe, G. [The clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of congestive heart failure]. Sarris, J., Kean, J., Schweitzer, I., and Lake, J. Complementary medicines (herbal and nutritional products) in the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a systematic review of the evidence. View abstract. New Trends Clin Neuropharmacol 1989;3(4):225-230. Ishikura H, Matsuo N, Matsubara M, et al. A few more health benefits have been linked to L-carnitine supplements. L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer: an eastern cooperative oncology group phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A. 2012;2:CD006659. L-carnitine treatment in patients with mild diastolic heart failure is associated with improvement in diastolic function and symptoms. View abstract. Nutrition 2009;25(11-12):1193-1201. Schoderbeck M, Auer B, Legenstein E, et al. Seong, S. H., Cho, S. C., Park, Y., and Cha, Y. S. L-carnitine-supplemented parenteral nutrition improves fat metabolism but fails to support compensatory growth in premature Korean infants. Along with its needed effects, levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) may cause some unwanted effects. Long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in Alzheimer's Disease. Bellinghieri, G., Savica, V., Barbera, C. M., Ricciardi, B., Egitto, M., Torre, F., Valentini, G., D'Iddio, S., Bagiella, E., Mallamace, A., and . There have been a few studies on acetyl-L-carnitine's use as a treatment. Winter SC, Szabo-Aczel S, Curry CJR, et al. The effect of L-carnitine (carnitene) on myocardial metabolism of patients with coronary artery disease. View abstract. L-Carnitine as a diet supplement in patients with type II diabetes. Mezzina C, De Grandis D, Calvani M, et al. Very common (10% or more): Diarrhea (35%), abdominal pain (21%), vomiting (21%), nausea (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Constipation, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal disorder, melena, Very rare (less than 0.01%): Abdominal cramps[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Headache (37%), dizziness (18%), paresthesia (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Hypertonia, vertigo, taste perversion, Frequency not reported: Seizures (with or without pre-existing seizure activity), increase in seizure frequency and/or severity[Ref], There are reports from clinical trials of significant hypertriglyceridemia associated with high doses of levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) (3 g/day) given to uremic dialysis patients.